Glossary
From RhetorClick
This page is dedicated to key terms from the readings.
Contents |
Lunsford and Ede
Aleatoric: according to chance Animism: all objects have souls (Aristotle) Antistrophos: counterpart, companion Dialectic: two-sided dialogue, formal argumentation system, conversation Doxa: social knowledge Episteme: core, truths of the earth knowledge Emthymeme: uses audience's assumptions, only use 1 premise Syllogism: logical/deductive, conclusion resting on 2 premises (major, minor, conclusion) Krisis: point of judgment, moment of decision Paradeigma: use of example or evidence to prove a point Pisteis: proofs, persuasive appeals (logos, ethos, pathos); artistic (logical, logos, nonlogical, ethos and pathos) and inartistic (tangible evidence) proofs Techne: art, craft Poeis: fine arts
Persuasive Appeals Logos: the appeal to reason. Logical appeals attempt to persuade the audience using intellect. Most academic arguments rely mainly on logos. Pathos: the appeal to emotion. When people accept a claim based on how it makes them feels=, they are acting on pathos. A majority of advertisements and arguments in the popular press rely heavily on pathetic appeals. Although the pathetic appeal can be manipulative, it is the cornerstone of moving people to action. Ethos: The persuasive appeal of one's character, especially how this character is established by means of speech or discourse. Ethotic appeals rely on the trustworthiness of the speaker or writer. Ethos is an effective appeal because when the audience believes that the speaker does not intend to do them harm, they are more likely to trust what is being said.
Saussure
Signifier: the material (or physical form) of the sign Signified: concept in the mind (not a thing but the notion of a thing)
Peirce
Representamen: what something represents to you personally (creates in the mind of that person an equivalent sign, or perhaps a more developed sign) Interpretant: how you perceive the representamen Object: the action you take
Burke
Logology-study of language and symbols Tropism Etymologically Telos Entelechy
